Nano filteration Plants

Nanofiltration (NF) is one of four membrane separation technologies that use pressure to remove pollutants from water streams. Microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmosis are the other three (RO). All of these systems rely on semi-permeable membranes to hold back (reject) dissolved and/or suspended particles from a water stream carrying these pollutants.

For simultaneous concentration and partial (monovalent ion) demineralization in food processing applications such as dairy, nanofiltration is becoming increasingly extensively used.

The valence of the salt ion in question determines how this mechanism works. Recognize that a salt is a chemical compound made up of two or more ions, each of which has an electrical charge. The number of charges on the ions that make up a certain salt, which isn’t always sodium chloride (NaCl); sodium and chloride ions have only one charge, whereas ions like calcium and sulphate have several charges. The fact that NF membranes reject multivalent ions to a far greater extent than monovalent ions is a distinguishing feature. Ion rejection varies per membrane manufacturer, however a multivalent ion rejection of 95 percent with a monovalent ion rejection of approximately 20 percent is common.